Compression Fracture

Just like other bones in your body, the vertebrae of your spine can crack and break. Over time, even small cracks in the vertebrae can become big problems if they lead to compression fractures.

Our spine specialists have the expertise and experience to diagnose and treat this common spinal condition.

What Is a Compression Fracture?

Compression fractures in your spine usually result from a tiny crack or hairline fracture that forms in a vertebra. These fractures are also known as vertebral compression fractures. Eventually, they can weaken a vertebra, causing it to collapse on the vertebra beneath it. This collapse is called a spinal compression fracture. Compression fractures are a common source of back pain, especially for those older than 60.

Most of these fractures occur in the thoracic spine, or middle back. However, compression fractures in your lower back, or lumbar spine, and your cervical spine (upper back and neck region) are also possible.

What Are the Symptoms of a Compression Fracture?

It’s possible to have a compression fracture without realizing it. You might attribute back pain — the most common symptom — to aging. But if you have back pain that doesn’t improve, you should mention it to your provider.

Other possible symptoms of a compression fracture include:

  • A curved, stooped shape to your spine (kyphosis)
  • Difficulty bending or twisting
  • Loss of height
  • Pain that worsens when walking or standing
Portrait of a mature man with back pain

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Whether you are just beginning your spine care journey or already have diagnosed spine pain, the team of caregivers are right here to support you with non-surgical and surgical solutions.

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What Causes Compression Fractures?

Osteoporosis, a disease that thins and weakens bones, causes most compression fractures. When your bones aren’t as strong as they once were, everyday activities, such as bending or carrying a heavy object, can place stress on your back. That stress can lead to hairline cracks in a vertebra that worsen over time.

Conditions such as cancer may cause compression fractures, as well. In addition, acute compression fractures may occur suddenly. You can develop a compression fracture from a fall, for example, or from another type of trauma. These types of fractures may be even more likely if you have osteoporosis.

How Are Compression Fractures Diagnosed?

To diagnose a compression fracture, your provider will likely talk with you about your symptoms, review your medical history and examine your spine.

Your provider may also order imaging tests, such as an X-ray, MRI or CT scan. These tests help pinpoint the location of a fracture and determine its severity. Your Content Goes Here

How Are Compression Fractures Treated?

The severity of your fracture and your likelihood of future fractures guide treatment decisions. Options include:

  • Back brace. A back brace may stabilize your spine and prevent further damage to your vertebrae. The brace gives your fracture time to heal.

  • Medication. Prescription pain medicines, cortisone injections and nerve blocks may help relieve your pain. If you take medication at home, it’s important to follow your provider’s instructions.

  • Physical therapy. Exercise, under the direction of a physical therapist, may strengthen your back and other parts of your body. Therapists can also show you how to adapt daily activities to reduce your symptoms and prevent additional fractures.

  • Surgery. In some cases, your provider may recommend a minimally invasive surgical treatment. A common procedure includes Kyphoplasty, which can both fix the cracks in your vertebra and restore the bone to its original position. Usually, you undergo treatment and return home the same day.

    During this procedure, your surgeon inserts a balloon-like device into your spine through a small needle. The device helps restore your vertebrae to their original position. The change of position can relieve pain caused by vertebrae rubbing against each other. It may also improve your range of movement and reduce your risk of a pinched nerve.

    Next, the surgeon injects medical cement into the cracks of your vertebrae. The cement helps your fracture heal and strengthens your bones.

We’re Right Here to Help

With unmatched experience in diagnosing and treating spine pain, your condition will be carefully evaluated by the team of experts at the Spine Center as we work with you to develop a customized treatment plan. Highly skilled and caring providers, plus state-of-the-art technology and treatments, means you’re at the right place for exceptional patient care.

Affiliations with OrthoCincy Orthopaedics & Sports Medicine and Mayfield Brain & Spine ensure you receive the highest possible level of spine care.