Age-related macular degeneration and diet

Updated: 2020-07-17

Answer Section

Yes. You're smart to be thinking about prevention. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss in the U.S. It destroys the macula, the part of the eye that provides sharp, central vision.

Good nutrition and lifestyle play important roles in preventing and slowing the progression of this disease.

The key nutrients identified so far are carotenoids (beta carotene, lutein and zeaxanthin), vitamins C and E, copper, and zinc. These nutrients have antioxidant or anti-inflammatory properties. Omega-3 fatty acids from fish also may be beneficial, although this isn't as well-supported.

Here are good food sources for these nutrients:

• Carotenoids (beta carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin) and vitamin C — Apricots, bell peppers, broccoli, cabbage, cantaloupe, collard greens, grapefruit, oranges, papaya, spinach, sweet potato, tangerines, tomatoes
• Vitamin E — Almonds, fortified cereals, fortified soy milk, peanuts, tomatoes, sunflower seed, sunflower oil, wheat-germ oil
• Zinc— Alaskan king crab, baked beans, beef, fortified breakfast cereal, oysters, pork, poultry (dark meat)
• Omega-3 fatty acids — Herring, mackerel, rainbow trout, salmon, sardines, tuna

Research has found that dietary supplements don't prevent AMD, but they may help slow progression in people who already have the disease.

If you're concerned about AMD, talk with your doctor. Also be sure to eat a healthy diet, don't smoke, exercise regularly, and keep your blood pressure and cholesterol levels at acceptable levels.